General surgeons often perform a wide range of operations, from appendectomies and hernia repairs to more complicated surgeries involving the gastrointestinal tract, endocrine system, and soft tissues. Surgical billing must account for all components of the procedure, including preoperative and postoperative care, anesthesia, and the surgical facility itself. Additionally, modifiers are used to indicate multiple procedures performed in one session or surgeries requiring special circumstances. As with other specialties, general surgery billing must navigate the specific requirements of different insurance providers, including Medicare, Medicaid, and commercial payers, while also handling any denied claims and appeals.