Orthopedic billing must also address durable medical equipment (DME) such as braces and crutches, which often require separate coding and documentation. The billing process involves dealing with various payer systems, including Medicare, Medicaid, workers' compensation, and private insurance, each with specific coverage rules and reimbursement schedules. Additionally, the use of modifiers is common in orthopedic billing to indicate when multiple procedures are performed or when complications arise. Managing claim denials, appeals, and proper documentation are essential to maintaining a healthy revenue cycle and ensuring orthopedic practices and hospitals are reimbursed accurately and promptly.